Linguistic Relativity
The evidence-supported, weak version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis: language does not determine what a person can think, but it does measurably influence what a person habitually attends to, remembers, and processes quickly — especially where grammar forces a distinction another language leaves optional. Berlin and Kay's color universals, Boroditsky's Russian blue-shade experiments, and Guugu Yimithirr's cardinal-direction grammar are the discipline's best-documented cases; the strong version, linguistic determinism, is not supported by evidence.